heat and cooling supply

Renewables currently provide just 2% of Russia’s primary energy demand for heat supply, the main contribution coming from the use of biomass. The lack of available infrastructure for modern and efficient district heating networks is a barrier to the large scale utilisation of geothermal and solar thermal energy. Dedicated support instruments are required to ensure a dynamic development.

In the Energy [R]evolution scenario, renewables provide 68.5% of Russia’s total heating demand in 2050.

• Energy efficiency measures can moderate the increase in heat demandand in spite of improving living standards after 2020 lead to adecrease in demand, which in 2050 is slightly lower than at present.
• For direct heating, solar collectors, biomass/biogas as well asgeothermal energy are increasingly substituting for fossil fuelfiredsystems.
• A shift from coal and oil to natural gas in the remaining conventionalapplications will lead to a further reduction of CO2 emissions.