Scenarios for a future energy supply

Moving from principles to action for energy supply that mitigates against climate change requires a long-term perspective. Energy infrastructure takes time to build up; new energy technologies take time to develop. Policy shifts often also need many years to take effect. In most world regions the transformation from fossil to renewable energies will require additional investment and higher supply costs over about twenty years

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regional results india heating supply

heating supply

Renewables currently provide 55% of India’s energy demand for heat supply, the main contribution coming from biomass. Dedicated support instruments are required to ensure a dynamic future development. In the Energy [R]evolution scenario, renewables provide 68% of India’s total heat demand in 2030 and 91% in 2050.

Energy efficiency measures can decrease the specific demand in spite of improving living standards.
For direct heating, solar collectors, new biomass/biogas heating systems as well as geothermal energy are increasingly substituting for fossil fuel-fired systems and traditional biomass use.
A shift from coal and oil to natural gas in the remaining conventional applications will lead to a further reduction of CO2 emissions.

Table 5.44 shows the development of the different renewable technologies for heating in India over time. After 2020, the continuing growth of solar collectors and a growing share of geothermal heat pumps will reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and biomass.