Renewable heating has the longest tradition of all renewable technologies. In a joint survey EREC and DLR carried out a survey on renewable heating technologies in Europe (see also technology chapter 9). The report analyses installation costs of renewable heating technologies, ranging from direct solar collector systems to geothermal and ambient heat applications and biomass technologies. Some technologies are already mature and compete on the market – especially simple heating systems in the domestic sector. However, more sophisticated technologies, which can provide higher shares of heat demand from renewable sources, are still under development. Costs of different technologies show quite a large range depending not only on the maturity of the technology but also on the complexity of the system as well as the local. Market barriers slow down the further implementation and cost reduction of renewable heating systems, especially for heating networks. Nevertheless, significant learning rates can be expected if renewable heating is increasingly implemented as projected in the Energy [R]evolution scenario.