Energy Blue Print
Scenario for a future energy supply

Moving from principles to action for energy supply that mitigates against climate change requires a long-term perspective. Energy infrastructure takes time to build up; new energy technologies take time to develop. Policy shifts often also need many years to take effect. In most world regions the transformation from fossil to renewable energies will require additional investment and higher supply costs over about twenty years.

scenarioscost of CO2 emissions

cost of CO2 emissions

Assuming that a carbon emissions trading system is established across all world regions in the longer term, the cost of CO2 allowances needs to be included in the calculation of electricity generation costs. Projections of emissions costs are even more uncertain than energy prices, and a broad range of future estimates has been made in studies. The CO2 costs assumed in 2050 are often higher than those included in this Energy [R]evolution study (99 $2010/tCO2), reflecting estimates of the total external costs of CO2 emissions. The CO2 cost estimates in the 2010 version of Energy [R]evolution were rather conservative (50 $2008/t). CO2 costs are applied in Kyoto Protocol Non-Annex B countries only from 2030 on.

table 4.4: assumptions on CO2 emissions cost development for Annex-B and Non-Annex-B countries of the UNFCCC.

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