heat and cooling supply
Renewables currently provide 3% of Transition Economies’ energy demand for heat supply, the main contribution coming from the use of biomass.The lack of modern and efficient district heating networks is a barrier to the large scale utilisation of geothermal and solar thermal energy. Dedicated support instruments are required to ensure a dynamic development. In the Energy [R]evolution scenario, renewables provide 74% of Transition Economies’s total heating demand in 2050.
- Energy efficiency measures can decrease heat demand by 37% in spite of improving living standards.
- For direct heating, solar collectors, biomass/biogas as well as geothermal energy are increasingly substituting for fossil fuel-fired systems.
- A shift from coal and oil to natural gas in the remaining conventional applications will lead to a further reduction of CO2 emissions.
The advanced Energy [R]evolution version introduces efficiency measures e.g. via strict building standards and renewable heating systems around 5 years ahead of the Energy [R]evolution scenario. Compared to the Reference scenario, 9101 PJ/a or 37% are safed by 2050. Solar collectors and geothermal heating systems achieve economies of scale via ambitious support programmes five to ten years earlier, resulting in a renewable share of 50% by 2030 and 89% by 2050.

